UNIT+6+-+MICROBIOLOGY

Microbiology

Microbiology is the study of microorganisms that are microscopic, unicellular organisms. In this unit, the two main topics discussed were about Bacteria and Viruses. Bacteria and viruses are always present in the world around you. Bacteria can be beneficial but can also be very harmful. On the other hand, viruses are almost always damaging and sometimes fatal. The objecti ve of this unit was to teach the class the difference between a bacterial infection and a viral infection and how they are treated. This information, in my opinion, is very crucial to ones life because it will allow one to know what kind of infection they may have. 





Unit 6 Vocabulary: Antibiotics- Medicine that kill bacteria Antibiotic Resistance- When bacteria become resistant to antibiotic due to an overuse of a antibiotic Archaebacteria- Ancient bacteria Autotroph- Makes its own food Bacilli- rod shaped bacteria Bacteria- Prokaryote microorganisms Capsid- Protein coat of a virus Cell Wall- Provides protection Cocci- Spherical shaped bacteria Conjugation- The transfer of genetic info between cells through cell to cell contact DNA- Nucleic acid that contains genetic information Endospore- Structure produced by certain bacteria allowing the bacteria to survive in harsh conditions Eubacteria- Larger of the categories of bacteria Facultative Anaerobe- Bacterium that can live with or without oxygen Flagella- provides movement Heterotroph- Organism that cannot synethesize its own food Infection- Colonization of the host organism Lysogenic- When the virus enters the host cell and attaches itself to the host DNA Lytic- Penetration of the Host cell by lytic phage Methanogen- Type of archaebacteria Obligate aerobe- bacterium that needs oxygen to survive Obligate Anaerobe- Must have no oxygen to survive Pathogen- Any disease causing agent Peptidoglycan- Protein and Sugar molecule Pilli- Allows the cell to stick to things Prophage/Provirus- Virus that infects a disease Retrovirus- A virus that uses RNA Reverse Transcriptase- Enzyme used to convert RNA to DNA in a retrovirus Ribosomes- Make proteins RNA- Short term genetic carrier Spirilla- Spiral shaped bacteria Sterilization- Process that destroys any presence of a bacteria or virus Vaccines- A dead version of a virus that is used to cure the corresponding virus Virology- Study of viruses and virus-like agents